How are large capacity generators generally cooled?

Large capacity generators are typically cooled by being enclosed in a hydrogen atmosphere. This method is chosen because hydrogen is an efficient cooling medium due to its high thermal conductivity, which allows it to effectively remove heat from the generator components. The use of hydrogen also helps reduce the weight of the generator as it is lighter than air. Additionally, cooling in a hydrogen atmosphere can improve the overall efficiency of the generator, while also enhancing its performance by maintaining optimal operating temperatures.

In contrast, other cooling methods have their limitations. For instance, cooling by air can be effective for smaller generators, but for larger ones, the amount of heat generated is often too great for air cooling to manage efficiently. Enclosed in oil or cooled in a water bath can be effective methods, but they may introduce complexities such as potential leaks or increased maintenance requirements. Thus, the hydrogen cooling method is often preferred for the high efficiency and effective thermal management it provides in large capacity generators.