How is the RMS value calculated from the peak value?

The calculation of the RMS (Root Mean Square) value from the peak value involves a specific mathematical relationship applicable to sinusoidal waveforms. For a sinusoidal signal, the RMS value is obtained by multiplying the peak (or maximum) value by √2/2, which is approximately equal to 0.707. This relationship comes from the way RMS is defined: it represents a method to express the effective value of an alternating current or voltage, taking the square root of the average of the squares of the instantaneous values over one complete cycle.

Thus, when you multiply the peak value by 0.707, you arrive at the RMS value. This is particularly important in electrical engineering and physics, where it is essential to convert between different forms of wave measurements to analyze power, current, and voltage effectively. The other options do not accurately represent how RMS is derived from the peak value, leading to incorrect calculations of the effective values in these contexts.